Background: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) is a rare B-cell malignant neoplasm affecting more than 10,000 new patients annually in Latin America in 2022. The incidence of HL has shown an increase over the past decade. The advancements in diagnostic tools have significantly improved the accuracy of diagnosis and subtyping. Challenges remain, including the control of treatment-related long-term side effects and the need to improve therapeutic options for those patients who fail the treatment response. This study aims to describe the HL population diagnosed and treated in a reference center in Mexico, as there is limited availability of HL data in Latin America (particularly with long-term outcomes).
Methods: A retrospective cohort using clinical records of Hodgkins Lymphoma patients treated in the Hospital de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga” over the past ten years. Completed clinical records of adult patients diagnosed and treated by the Hematology Department were included.
Results: The study included 207 clinical records with a median age of 35 years (range 18-87 years); 64.7% were male; 46.4% had an Advanced stage (III-IV). 17.4% were nodular sclerosis, 62.8% were mixed cellularity, 13% were lymphocytes rich, 3.4% were lymphocytic depletion and 3.4% were not classifiable according to the biopsy and the histological exam. Radiotherapy was offered to 29.5% of patients. Initial therapy outcomes were complete response, partial response, progression, and stable disease in 66.7%, 13.0%, 4.3%, and 13.5% respectively; in 2.4% response could not be evaluated. The median follow-up was 11 months and according to the disease’s status at five-year follow-up, 58.0% had a completed response and a 95.7% survivorship. Multivariate tests showed no statistical differences in clinical status at diagnosis and overall survival (p= 0.055), but it did show statistical significance with disease status at five-year follow-up (OR: 2.713, 95% CI: 1.524 – 4.829, p< 0.000).
Conclusions: Despite Mexico being considered a developing country, our study showed that our population seems comparable to those presented in developed country's studies. Strikingly EBV infection was correlated with poor outcome in this patients as seen before in previous studies. Understanding the epidemiology associated with HL can contribute to personalized medicine approaches, reducing the disease burden and enhancing patient outcomes.
Alonso Hernández Company, Gerardo Santiago Jiménez, Karen Torres Castellanos, Gilberto Israel Barranco Lampón, Juan Francisco Zazueta Pozos, Daniela de Jesús Pérez Sámano, Emmanuel Martínez Moreno, Adán Germán Gallardo Rodríguez, Carlos Martínez Murillo, Omar Ramos Peñafiel Christian